Cyanobacteria (Blue-Green) Algae
Aquatic cyanobacteria are known for their extensive and highly visible blooms that can form in both freshwater and seawater. The blooms can have the appearance of blue-green paint or scum, but can be other colours as well. These blooms can be toxic.
These can resemble fine grass clipping suspended in the water and when levels of growth are higher, scums can form on downwind shores.
Cyanobacteria (also known as blue-green algae) are microscopic bacteria found in freshwater lakes, streams, ponds and brackish water ecosystems. They can produce toxins (such as microcystins and anatoxins) that affect people, livestock and pets that swim in and drink from the algae-contaminated water. When blue-green algae levels are high, warning signs are put up. For more information, see our Information Sheet, Blue Green Algae PH11 (PDF, 48 KB)(opens new window).
Concerns or Enquiries
The responsibility to manage algal blooms lies with the owner of the water concerned. However, for enquiries relating to cyanobacteria (Blue-Green Algae), please contact Click on this link to find out how to contact Environmental Health. Environmental Health will assess any action required against the relevant Scottish Government guidance and the Lothian and Fife Cyanobacteria Action Plan.
Dangers of Blue-Green Algae
With sunnier weather comes the increase of blue-green algae blooms appearing in bodies of still water including Linlithgow Loch and Beecraigs Loch.
Dogs that enjoy swimming and playing in lakes and ponds may be exposed to blue-green algae. Hunting dogs are especially predisposed due to increased exposure outdoors. Visible scums and floating mats must be avoided as these are potentially the most harmful.
Exposure could result in liver damage in dogs or liver failure in the most extreme cases. Signs of liver injury include vomiting, diarrhoea, blood in stool or black, tarry stool, weakness, pale mucous membranes, jaundice, seizures, disorientation, coma, and shock. Death generally follows within days as a result of liver failure. Unfortunately, there is no antidote for the toxins produced by blue-green algae. Immediate Veterinary advice should be sought if you believe your dog may have been exposed to or has digested blue-green algae.
Humans could also come in contact with blue-green algae through swimming, wading, paddle boarding or touching contaminated water. Therefore, any obvious contaminated water should be avoided by humans. Symptoms of exposure include rash, hives, eye irritation, nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea and abdominal pain. In very severe cases it can cause liver damage in humans.
